#chiral_drugs

Episode 8: Beyond the Approval: Ethical and Economic Dimensions of Chiral Drugs

“Approving a drug is only half the journey. The true story unfolds where science, ethics, commerce, and access collide.” Introduction Chirality reshaped regulatory science and drug development -but its impact extends far beyond the laboratory and approval desk. The commercialization of single-enantiomer drugs, especially through chiral switches, has raised important ethical and economic debates about innovation, access, affordability, and equity. In this episode, we delve into the ethical dilemmas and economic strategies tied to chiral …

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Episode 7: Clinical Questions: Are Single Enantiomers Always Better?

“Science, ethics, and clinical outcomes converge at a difficult question -does the purer mirror image truly heal better?” Introduction The development of single-enantiomer drugs has been heralded as a leap forward in pharmacotherapy, promising greater efficacy, reduced side effects, and more predictable pharmacokinetics. But as the pharmaceutical industry increasingly embraced chiral switches and single-enantiomer innovations, an important clinical question arose: Are single enantiomers always better than their racemic predecessors? In this episode, we critically examine …

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Episode 6: The Rise of the Chiral Switch: Strategy or Science?

“When a drug transforms from a blend to a single hand, is it innovation -or a clever commercial sleight of hand?“ Introduction The regulatory awakening around chiral drugs enabled not just better science but also a new strategic tool for the pharmaceutical industry: the chiral switch. This phenomenon -developing a single-enantiomer version of an already marketed racemate -became both a scientific opportunity and a commercial strategy. While some switches were genuine innovations that improved patient …

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Episode 5: Choosing the Right Twin: Regulatory Expectations for Single Enantiomers

Tagline: “When two mirror images offer different paths, how do regulators choose which one should become medicine?” Introduction The rise of regulatory consciousness around chiral drugs in the 1990s opened a crucial new question:If mirror-image molecules behave differently, how should the pharmaceutical industry -and regulators -decide which enantiomer to develop, approve, and market? This episode explores how regulatory agencies like the FDA, EMA, PMDA, CDSCO, and TGA crafted expectations for the development, approval, and control …

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Episode 4: Technology as Catalyst: How Science Enabled the Regulatory Transformation

Tagline: “When scientific precision sharpened, so did regulatory vision -technology became the bridge between molecules and medicine.” Introduction The regulatory awakening around chiral drugs in the 1990s did not occur in isolation. It was powered, almost inevitably, by remarkable scientific and technological breakthroughs. Before sophisticated tools existed, distinguishing and isolating enantiomers was labor-intensive, error-prone, and prohibitively expensive. It was the advent of new chemical, analytical, and bioanalytical technologies that made the regulatory demands for stereochemical …

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Episode 3: Beyond Borders: Comparing How Global Agencies Regulate Chiral Drugs

“Science may be universal, but regulation wears many faces. Let’s journey through the world of chiral drug approval across continents.” Introduction The 1990s witnessed a revolutionary shift in the regulatory treatment of chiral drugs, spurred by major agencies like the U.S. FDA and European Medicines Agency (EMA). However, the global regulatory landscape was -and still is -far from homogeneous. While scientific consensus around the importance of stereochemistry has largely been achieved, regulatory expectations, procedural details, …

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Chiral Drugs: A twisted tale in pharmaceuticals

Synopsis Chiral drugs, those fascinating chemical compounds existing as mirror-image pairs or enantiomers, exhibit distinct biological properties. This post provides a comprehensive overview of chiral drugs, presenting key concepts through a visually engaging mind maps. It covers chirality’s historical roots and stereochemical nomenclature, delves into the specialized discipline of chiral pharmacology, and presents drug toxicity case studies. Additionally, it explores unichiral drugs, the importance of chiral purity, and the tools used for measuring it. Designed …

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Harnessing JMP’s Prediction Profiler for Multi-Response Optimization of HPLC Method in Chiral Drug Separation

Synopsis The development of chromatographic methods for the separation of chiral drugs presents a significant challenge, necessitating a comprehensive understanding of the compounds’ chemical properties and the factors influencing their separation. This task is further complicated by the presence of process-related impurities that can disrupt the separation process and compromise the quality of the results. However, the application of advanced statistical tools such as JMP’s Design of Experiments (DoE) and Prediction Profiler can significantly streamline …

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Levamisole

Levamisole is used as anthelmintic agent to get rid of the intestinal worms. It is (S)-(-)-enantiomer of tetramisole. This drug is used in veterinary to treat hookworm infections.  Levamisole also finds therapeutic application in the treatment of colon cancer when given in conjunction with fluorouracil.   Chirality and biological activity Tetramisole carries one chiral stereogenic center and exists as an enantiomeric pair. The anthelmintic activity resides in the (S)-(-)-enantiomer, levamisole. The (R)- isomer harbors undesirable …

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Beta-Blockers

Beta blockers, also spelled β-blockers, used as antihypertensive agents (lowering blood pressure), represent a class of chiral drugs that are marketed as racemates since the distomer exhibits no undesirable adverse effects. Three most important β-blockers viz. propranolol, atenolol, and metoprolol are marketed as racemic mixture. Chirality and biological activity β-blockers are aryloxy propanolamines with one stereogenic center and exists as a pair of enantiomers. It is observed that their therapeutic effect resides entirely in the (S)-enantiomer …

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