{"id":2729,"date":"2022-12-29T10:13:00","date_gmt":"2022-12-29T04:43:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/chiralpedia.com\/blog\/?p=2729"},"modified":"2024-07-05T10:47:53","modified_gmt":"2024-07-05T05:17:53","slug":"protein-based-csps","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/chiralpedia.com\/blog\/protein-based-csps\/","title":{"rendered":"Protein-based CSPs"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-ast-global-color-0-color has-text-color has-medium-font-size\"><strong>Lead<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Proteins are complex, high-MW biopolymers <strong>composed<\/strong> <strong> of L-amino acids and possess ordered 3D-structure<\/strong>. They are known to bind \/interact\u00a0 stereoselectively with small molecules <strong>\u00a0reversibly<\/strong>, making them extremely versatile CSPs for chiral separation of drug molecules. \u00a0 Number of CSPs has been developed by <strong>immobilizing<\/strong> <strong>proteins.<\/strong>  These type of CSPs operate under RP-mode; (phosphate buffer and organic modifiers)\u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-ast-global-color-0-color has-text-color has-medium-font-size\"><strong>Characteristics of proteins used in commercial CSPs<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"704\" height=\"499\" src=\"https:\/\/chiralpedia.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Protein-typs-2.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2741\" srcset=\"https:\/\/chiralpedia.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Protein-typs-2.png 704w, https:\/\/chiralpedia.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Protein-typs-2-300x213.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 704px) 100vw, 704px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-ast-global-color-0-color has-text-color has-medium-font-size\"><strong>Mechanism<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Protein polymer remains in <strong>twisted form<\/strong> because of  the different intramolecular bonding; these bonding are responsible for different type of <strong>chiral loops\/grooves<\/strong> present in the protein molecule. Separation mechanism&nbsp; of proteins rely on unique combination of <strong>hydrophobic and polar interactions<\/strong>. H-bonding and charge transfer may also contribute to enantioselectivity by which the analytes are oriented to chiral surfaces. Mechanism of chiral recognition is not well understood<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-ast-global-color-0-color has-text-color has-medium-font-size\"><strong>Strength<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Good efficiency<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Enantiomers can often be separated in an underivatized form with high enantioselectivity<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-ast-global-color-0-color has-text-color has-medium-font-size\"><strong>Weakness<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Low loading capacity<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Protein phases are expensive<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Extremely fragile; Delicate to handle<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Very low Column efficiency<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Cannot invert elution order<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-ast-global-color-0-color has-text-color has-medium-font-size\"><strong>Commercially available<\/strong> <strong>protein-based CSPs<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/chiralpedia.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Products.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2743\" width=\"664\" height=\"442\" srcset=\"https:\/\/chiralpedia.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Products.png 664w, https:\/\/chiralpedia.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Products-300x200.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 664px) 100vw, 664px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-ast-global-color-0-color has-text-color has-medium-font-size\"><strong>Application<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The protein-based chiral columns have the distinct advantage that derivatization of racemates is rarely necessary for sufficient enantiomer resolution. Compounds that are neutral, basic, or acidic can typically be injected directly without needing to be treated first. According to reports in the literature, the OVM and AGP columns are probably the most adaptable immobilized proteins for separating racemates, particularly synthetic compounds of pharmaceutical and agricultural interest. The OVM column is a preferred starting point because it typically exhibits higher resolution, more operating parameter flexibility, and better long-term stability than the AGP column. For about 80% of the compounds, the OVM column performed better separations than AGP when a variety of neutral, basic, and acidic drugs were resolved. For more detailed discussion on the application readerships may consult surveys provided by the manufacturer of each protein-based CSPs. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-vivid-red-color has-text-color has-small-font-size\"> <strong>Disclaimer<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Due to the field&#8217;s quick development, there may have been some unintentional omissions or inadequate technical specifications. If any omissions or updates needing to be made are added, we would be pleased to include them. To draw attention to it, kindly write a comment. All technical specifications found here are reproduced as-is from the manufacturer&#8217;s literature and might have changed at the time of publication. All information given here is for furthering science and cannot be construed as professional advice.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-ast-global-color-0-color has-text-color has-medium-font-size\"><strong>Further reading<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Lloyd R. Snyder,&nbsp;Joseph J. Kirkland,&nbsp;Joseph L. Glajch, Practical HPLC Method Development, pages. 537-615, 1997, John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc. ISBN 0-471-00703-X<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Francotte, Eric; Lindner, Wolfgang (2006).&nbsp;<em>Chirality in drug research<\/em>. Eric Francotte, W. Lindner. Weinheim: Wiley-VCH.&nbsp;ISBN&nbsp;<bdi>978-3-527-60943-7<\/bdi>.&nbsp;OCLC&nbsp;163578005.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Narayanan SR. Immobilized proteins as chromatographic supports for chiral resolution. J Pharm Biomed Anal. 1992 Apr;10(4):251-62.   DOI: <a href=\"https:\/\/chiralpedia.com\/blog\/?page_id=2752\" data-type=\"page\" data-id=\"2752\">10.1016\/0731-7085(92)80037-n<\/a>. PMID: 1420455.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bi C, Zheng X, Azaria S, Beeram S, Li Z, Hage DS. Chromatographic Studies of Protein-Based Chiral Separations. Separations. 2016 Sep;3(3):27. DOI:<a href=\"http:\/\/10.3390\/separations3030027\" data-type=\"URL\" data-id=\"10.3390\/separations3030027\">10.3390\/separations3030027<\/a>.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Carla Fernandes,&nbsp;Joana Teixeira,&nbsp;Madalena M. M. Pinto,&nbsp;and&nbsp;Maria Elizabeth Tiritan<sup>, <\/sup>Strategies for Preparation of Chiral Stationary Phases: Progress on Coating and Immobilization Methods, Molecules.&nbsp;2021 Sep; 26(18): 5477.DOI:&nbsp;<a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390%2Fmolecules26185477\" target=\"_blank\">10.3390\/molecules26185477<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Hassan Y. Aboul-Enein,&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.in\/s\/ref=dp_byline_sr_book_2?ie=UTF8&amp;field-author=Imran+Ali&amp;search-alias=stripbooks\"><\/a>Imran Ali, Chiral Separations by Liquid Chromatography And Related Technologies, 2003, Marel Dekker Inc. ISBN: 0-8247-4014-9<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Teixeira, Joana; Tiritan, Maria Elizabeth; Pinto, Madalena M. M.; Fernandes, Carla (2019-02-28).&nbsp;&#8220;Chiral Stationary Phases for Liquid Chromatography: Recent Developments&#8221;.&nbsp;<em>Molecules<\/em>.&nbsp;<strong>24<\/strong>&nbsp;(5): 865.&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Doi_(identifier)\">doi<\/a>:10.3390\/molecules24050865.&nbsp;ISSN&nbsp;1420-3049.&nbsp;PMC&nbsp;6429359.&nbsp;PMID&nbsp;30823495.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Chiral analysis. Wikipedia, Wikipedia Foundation, 28\/12\/2022. <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chiral_analysis\">https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chiral_analysis<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Lead Proteins are complex, high-MW biopolymers composed of L-amino acids and possess ordered 3D-structure. They are known to bind \/interact\u00a0 stereoselectively with small molecules \u00a0reversibly, making them extremely versatile CSPs for chiral separation of drug molecules. \u00a0 Number of CSPs has been developed by immobilizing proteins. These type of CSPs operate under RP-mode; (phosphate buffer and organic modifiers)\u00a0\u00a0 Characteristics of proteins used in commercial CSPs Mechanism Protein polymer remains in twisted form because of the &hellip;<\/p>\n<p class=\"read-more\"> <a class=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/chiralpedia.com\/blog\/protein-based-csps\/\"> <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Protein-based CSPs<\/span> Read More &raquo;<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2770,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"site-sidebar-layout":"","site-content-layout":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[52],"tags":[35,67],"ppma_author":[93],"class_list":["post-2729","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-chiral-separation-and-analysis","tag-chiral_chromatography","tag-chiralpedia"],"authors":[{"term_id":93,"user_id":1,"is_guest":0,"slug":"chiralusrblg","display_name":"Valliappan Kannappan","avatar_url":{"url":"https:\/\/chiralpedia.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/vk.jpg","url2x":"https:\/\/chiralpedia.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/vk.jpg"},"first_name":"","last_name":"","user_url":"https:\/\/chiralpedia.com\/blog\/","job_title":"Founder, chiralpedia.com","description":""}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/chiralpedia.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2729","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/chiralpedia.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/chiralpedia.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/chiralpedia.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/chiralpedia.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2729"}],"version-history":[{"count":26,"href":"https:\/\/chiralpedia.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2729\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2780,"href":"https:\/\/chiralpedia.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2729\/revisions\/2780"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/chiralpedia.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2770"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/chiralpedia.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2729"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/chiralpedia.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2729"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/chiralpedia.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2729"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/chiralpedia.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/ppma_author?post=2729"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}